Gum recession is a progressive condition in which the gum tissue surrounding the teeth pulls back, exposing more of the tooth and its root. While it is extremely common — affecting an estimated 50% of adults — many people don't realize they have it until significant damage has occurred.

Understanding the causes of gum recession is the first step toward effective prevention and treatment. Here are five of the most common causes.

1. Periodontal (Gum) Disease

The most common cause of gum recession is periodontal disease — a bacterial infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. When plaque and tartar build up along the gumline, they harbor bacteria that produce toxins, causing inflammation and tissue destruction. Over time, this leads to recession and bone loss.

2. Aggressive Brushing

Brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can wear away gum tissue over time. This is one of the most preventable causes of recession — simply switching to a soft-bristled brush and using gentle, circular motions can make a significant difference.

3. Genetics

Some people are simply more predisposed to gum recession due to their genetic makeup. If your parents had gum recession, you may be at higher risk regardless of your oral hygiene habits.

4. Teeth Grinding (Bruxism)

Grinding or clenching the teeth places excessive force on the gum tissue, which can contribute to recession over time. Many people grind their teeth at night without realizing it — a night guard can help protect both teeth and gums.

5. Misaligned Teeth or Bite

When teeth are misaligned or the bite is off, some teeth may receive more force than others during chewing. This uneven distribution of force can lead to recession in specific areas.

What You Can Do

If you notice your teeth appearing longer than they used to, or if you experience sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures, you may have gum recession. The good news is that modern treatments — including the Pinhole Surgical Technique® — can effectively address recession with minimal discomfort and recovery time.

Schedule a consultation with Dr. Chao to evaluate your gum health and discuss your treatment options.